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The Decathlon Rules

Every decathlete should be familiar with track and field rules, and with a few exceptions the decathlon events are conducted by the same rules as the individual events. These exceptions can be found in the decathlon/multi-event section of rulebooks. Unfortunately, in the U.S. there are four different rulebooks being used, depending on the level of competition.

a) International meets IAAF Rulebook
b) National/domestic meets USA T&F Rulebook
c) Collegiate meets NCAA Rulebook
d) High School meets National High School Rulebook

Just make certain what set of rules under which your decathlon meet is being conducted. But don't despair. The differences in the rules are very minor.


Here are a few of the differences between normal track & field rules and decathlon practices:

1. The Decathlon must always be held on two consecutive days and contested in the following order:

First Day Second Day
100 Meter Dash
Long Jump
Shot Put
High Jump
400 Meter Dash
110m Hurdles
Discus Throw
Pole Vault
Javelin Throw
1500 Meter Run
The rulebooks will also list the order for other multi-event competition including men's pentathlon, women's heptathlon and indoor multi events.

2. An interval of at least 30 minutes should be allowed between the time one event ends and the next event begins. At the discretion of the games committee this interval can be altered.

3. Each competitor will be allowed only three attempts in the long jump, shot put, discus throw and javelin throw.

4. It is recommended that fully automatic timing be used. If the meet is manually timed, three time keepers shall time each competitor independently. If the times differ the median time shall be adopted. If for any reason only two register times, and they differ, the slower of the two shall be adopted as official.

5. In running events the competitor will be disqualified after two false starts.

6. In the high jump and pole vault the games committee (not the athletes!) will set the starting height and the bar will be raised by 3cm (for high jump) and 10cm (for pole vault). The specific sets of heights (for example, high jump bar going through 2.00m, or 2.01m, or 2.02m; or pole vault bar going thru 4.00 m or 4.01m or 4.02m , etc) can be announced well in advance of the event and the starting heights adjusted downward to accommodate all athletes.

7. All measurements are metric. It is recommended that all measurements be made with a steel tape. The shot put, discus and javelin throws are measured to the least centimeter. Until recently the discus and javelin had to be measured to the least even centimeter. This is no longer the case.

8. The determination of sections and lane assignments for running events can be drawn by lot but it is now standard practice to use recent past performances to seed races. Seeding is also advisable in field events, especially in the high jump and pole vault. No fewer than three competitors shall start in any section. In the final event, the 1500 meters, the leaders after nine events should run in the same section. The referee shall have the power to rearrange groups.

9. Hurdles are placed in adjacent lanes, except in collegiate meets where hurdles, if there is a sufficient reason, can be placed in alternate lanes.

10. If a competitor fouls another competitor in any event he shall lose the points gained for that event but shall be allowed to compete in succeeding events unless the referee deems that the loss of points is not a sufficient penalty.

11. Athletes must make an attempt at each event. This rule is designed to guarantee that the athlete intends to do a 'decathlon' and not just set records or get a workout in single events. Athletes failing to start any event are considered to have abandoned the competition, receive no final score and are not included in the final placing.

12. The event scores, cumulative scores and places shall be announced to the competitors at the completion of each event.

13. The winner of the competition is the athlete who has scored the highest number of points on the IAAF scoring tables (which conveniently are included in the NCAA Rulebook). If there is a tie score, the athlete scoring the higher number of points in the most events shall be awarded the high place. If a tie still remains, then the competitor who has earned the highest number of points in any single event will be given the higher place. If the tie still exists on goes to the second highest number of points, and so on. This rule applies to all decathlon competition except those governed by NCAA rules. The NCAA does not break ties.

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